Etude des collisions d'ions lourds au LHC avec le spectromètre à muons du détecteur ALICE

The ALICE muon spectrometer at LHC, is dedicated to the measurement of quarkonia (J/psi and upsilon) and open heavy flavours through their decay into muons. The tracking and trigger system of the spectrometer have been completed after different steps (R&D, simulation and construction). Data taking are currently underway. This document presents my research activities all along the evolution of the project.