Energy Efficient Beam Transfer Channels for High Energy Particle Accelerators

Energy efficiency becomes an increasingly important aspect in regard to the design of modern particle accelerators. Thus, this thesis examines the comparison of different magnet technologies by means of the energy consumption and the total costs. As the requirements on beamlines highly differ among the different existing accelerator facilities, generalised recommendations on the choice of the magnet type are not possible. However, a few configurations are found, which may deliver significantly lower total costs for specific ranges of the investigated parameters. For low repetition rates below 0.1 Hz, for example, AC operated conventional normal conducting (NC) magnets or high current pulsed (HCP) magnets are an economic solution. For high repetition rates above 1.0 Hz, superconducting Cos(N) (SC) magnets or superferric (SF) magnets are more attractive; at least if they are operated in DC mode and if no dynamic losses occur in the cryogenic system. Unfortunately, a range between these values exist, in which no clear recommendation can be given. Here, a more detailed investigation is necessary for each individual facility. A similar behaviour appears for the magnetic rigidity: For small values of the magnetic rigidity (10 Tm), for example, the NC magnets are more economic due to the low necessary field strengths. Depending on the beamline, permanent magnets (PM) can be an alternative, as well. For large values of the magnetic rigidity (>100 Tm), the necessary integrals field strengths become this large that the SF magnets or the SC magnets represent a more economic respectively more compact solution. Unfortunately, a range also exists, in which no clear recommendation can be given.